Deputies agreed that the revision is essential to resolve bottlenecks, particularly those concerning the mechanism for licensing, exploiting, and using minerals for national key construction works, emergency projects, and urgent investment projects approved by competent authorities to achieve growth targets.

Trinh Xuan An, a deputy of Dong Nai province, suggested establishing dedicated rare earth mines or reserve areas specifically for national defense and security purposes.

“We need to add regulations on controlling technology and data relating to rare earths, especially those concerning national defense, security, and data on rare earths classified as state secrets. Some mines must only be exploited for industrial and defense purposes," said Xuan An.

Nguyen Tam Hung, a representative of Ho Chi Minh City, said that the bill does not clearly define the mechanism for selecting enterprises based on criteria such as technological security, deep processing capacity, and environmental governance capacity. According to Hung, this is a sensitive sector with a high risk of resource monopolization or leakage of core technology.

"I suggest considering the addition of a procedure for approving economic-technological security before transferring technology, exporting deep-processed products, or forming international joint ventures to ensure resource sovereignty, national economic security, and autonomy in the rare earth industry," said Hung.