Peskov told a press conference that if obstacles to Russian grain and fertilizer exports are not removed, Ukraine will have to export grain by land or river, not through the Black Sea.

The grain deal through the Black Sea, signed by Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, and the UN last July, was the result of a UN effort to defuse the global food crisis after Russia launched a special military operation in Ukraine.

The deal allows food and fertilizers, including ammonia, to be exported through the Black Sea from three Ukrainian ports. The agreement was extended twice, but will expire next month.